Ko te tāwai hāpai he whakaaetanga matua nui rawa i whakamahi hei whakauru i te koreti, e pūmau ana ki te mahi o te whakapiri i ngā mete i roto i ngā rorohiko me ngā hononga tāwai. Ko tēnei utauta nui kei raro i ētahi atu hanganga, ko te tin me te para i runga, nō reira ko ngā tae kē e kore ana i te para, pērā i te tin, te hīnau me te kanawa, e whakatika ana ki ngā hiahia ā-wāhanga e pā ana ki ngā paiho hākana me te āhuatanga o te huringa wera. Hei tauira, ko te tāwai hāpai kore-para, e whai ake ana i te tin-hīnau-kanawa, ka nui ake te noho whenua nei, ahakoa ko te mea e tataki ana i ngā wā o te huringa wera i waenganui i te tāwai hāpai para.
Kei te nui ngā whakamahi o te tāwai uku, e wāwāhi ana i ētahi atu hekenga, hei waehanga mō ngā rorohiko, ngā pūhoro, me ngā motokā. Ki roto o ngā rorohiko, ko te tāwai uku he mea matua mo te whakapiri i ngā hangarau ki ngā paepae tohu circuit (PCBs). Ki roto o ngā pūhoro, e āwhina ana ia ki te whakatipu i ngā pīpu ki te pai, nō reira ki roto o te hekenga motokā, e āwhina ana i te whakauru herehere here o ngā take ā-motokā. Ko te kawe pai o te tāwai uku i ēnei whakamahi, ka tiakina ngā here whenuatia me ngā here whakapono, e hāngai ana ki te haumaru me te whai hua o ngā here rorohiko me ngā rangahau.
Te whakamana i te tika o ngā hononga ā-ritea he mea nui rawa ki roto i tētahi mahi hei hua, ina e kore e pai ana te tahuri tinana, ka puta mai ngā hapa i roto i ngā whatu. E rongonui ana ngā tahuri tinana matiu i te ao ā-whatu, mā reira ka whakahē i ngā hapa, ā, ka whai kaha te whai wā i te mahi. Ka taea te kuhu atu ki ngā take hono kore heke noa, ngā whatu kore whai hua, me te pānga nui ki te whanga īmiringa, e aroha ana i te hiranga o te whakamahia he rauemi tinana pai kia tutuki ai ngā hononga katoa.
Ko te whiriwhiri i te momo rauemi tinana e tika ana hei whai hua whaihua mō ngā mahi tahuri tinana katoa. Ko tētahi o ngā momo e mohio nei ko te leaded solder wire , e whakatūhanga ana i tētahi totohi o tinohu me te pūngao, pērā i te ōritetanga 60/40. Ko tēnei whakatūhanga e whai ake nei i tētahi kīwaha hāpori iti me te āwhinatanga nui ki te hīraunga ā-mahara, ka mahi pai hei whakamahinga mō te hanga i ngā rorohiko matua. Nā ngā āheinga taiao me ngā āheinga hauora, kua heke mai ngā whakamahi o tēnei.
Ki te wā tuatahi, Tāwai Kauwhata Kore , pērā i ēnei i whakatūhanga mai i ngā totohi Tin-Silver-Copper (SAC), ka haere tonu hei whakatika i ngā hapa o te totohi pūngao. Nā te mea e tiaki ana i te taiao, ko te totohi kore pūngao e whakaae ana ki ngā ture haumaru o te ao. Ka uka te tūhura o tēnei momo totohi i ngā wāhi wehe, e hiahiatia ana ngā whakarerekē kei te hanga totohi, engari ka tuku pai te urutika me te paanga whakatika mo te āhua mehana. Ko te totohi kore pūngao e whai ake nei i tana noho tikanga i waenganui i ētahi whenua, nā tana whakaaetanga ki ngā mahi whakaora.
He momo e hiahia ana ki te whai Cored Solder Wire , e whakauru ana i te flux ki roto i te rauemi. Ko te flux ināianei e āwhina ana ki te whanake o ngā mata o te mete ingoa during te mahi o te soldering, e whakapai ana i te pai o ngā hononga o te solder. Ko te noho mai o te flux ki roto i te rauemi o te solder e waimaria ana i te mahere mahi, ētahi atu hoki mō ngā kaihanga tamariki, ā, e tūtono ana ki te hanga i ngā hononga mete matua me ngā hononga whakapono. Ko te mōhio ki enei take ka whakaae koe i te rauemi tika mo ngā hiahia matua o koe, e whakamana ana i te mahi me te whakatutuki.
Ka tīpakohia ngā whakaaetanga katoa e āheinga ana ki te haurongo o te mahi i roto i ngā tono rerekē. Tētahi whakaaetanga nui kia whakaarohia ko te hāpu o te tāwhiti whakapuaki. Ko ngā hāpu iti he pai mō ngā mahi wānanga, pērā i te mahi i roto i ngā hangarau iti, e whai ake nei i te whakahaere wānanga me te whakamahia atu i te tāwhiti. Kāore i te pai ngā hāpu rahi hei whakatika atu i ngā hononga, ka whai mana hoki i roto i ngā mahi hanga rahi, ki te hiahia koe ki te whakatika i ngā hononga kino, kei reira te whakamahia, e tirotiro ana i te noho haumaru.
Tūranga matua atu he mea nui, ko te painga whakamatako o te rauhī tā. Te painga whakamatako e āheinga ana i te mea kē ki te waihotanga o ngā tahuhu whakamātau i roto i ngā mahi tā. Mō ngā mahi e hāngai ana ki ngā tahuhu māku, nui ake te pai o te rauhī tā me painga whakamatako iti, nā tērā ka whakaiti i te uiui o te pūngao. Ki te taha hoki, mō ngā whakangā e hiahiatia ana ki te wharitanga iti, pērā i ngā whakangā e hāngai ana ki ngā whakawhitinga nui rānei, ki ngā taiao whakahaere kino rānei, ka pai hei whakamahi i te rauhī tā me painga whakamatako nui. Ko tērā e tiaki ana i te rauhī tā kia tika i runga i ngā waehu nui, whakaora i te mana o te hononga.
Te karo i te tītoko pai mō ōu mahi he whakamatau i ngā huringa ā-tūranga, pērā i ngā momo whenua e whai ake nei i te tītoko me te āhuatanga rite o te hiko. He tino hira te whakamahi i te tītoko me te āhuatanga pai o te hiko i ngā whiringa e hiahiatia ana te hononga pai o te hiko. Nō reira, ko ngā whenua pērā i te parāoa me ngā whiuwhiu e hiahiatia ana ngā tītoko ā-kawa, ā, ko te whiriwhiria i te momo pai ka tohua i ngā hononga kaha me ngā pūtake tirohanga. Nā reira, ko te mōhio ki te whakaaetanga ki ngā whenua e pā ana ki tō mahi ka awhina i te whiriwhiri i tētahi tītoko pai.
Ākona, ko te mea nui kia whakaaro ki ngā ture taiao i te wā e piki ake i te whiriwhiringa o te tāwai uku. Nō ngā paerewa whakahaere, pērā i te whakatau "Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS)", ka whakapae rānei, ka whakakore rānei i te whakamahinga o te pūoro i roto i ngā uku matihiko, hei whakangungu i ngā āhuatanga pai ake me te pai ake o te taiao. Kei tēnei ture te whakaatu i te hurihanga whānui atu ki ngā uku kore-pūoro, pērā i ēnei e whakamahia nei ngā tauhere hinu-tin-silver-copper, e nui ake ana te noho i roto i te ao matihiko, nā te itinga iti i a rātau i te whiu i te taiao. Ki te whakamahia e ngā pakihi i ngā uku e tika ana i ngā ture, ka taea te whakarite i ngā paerewa whānui me te tautoko i ngā mahi whakatika.
Te karo i te tāwāhi kētore e pai ana hei whiwhi i ngā hua matua mō ngā mahi tāwāhi kei te whai take. Tēnā whakamātau atu ki ngā taonga tāwāhi kētore e whā, ka whakaritea hei whakamātau i ngā whakaaetanga me ngā whakamahi pai.
te Sn50Pb50 Wire Tākai Flux he whiringa nui tēnei me te whakaeke tin-lead, pai mō ngā mahi tāwāhi i raro i te tikanga whānui. Kei tēnei tuhinga he wairua pai i ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana te whakapūmau ā-wāhi me te whakawhanake ā-wiri pai. Ko te flux core ka noho wehi i te hiahia ki te whakauru i te flux atu, ka whakaiti i te mahi tāwāhi me te wā whakarite.
Mō ngā kaupapa e hiahiatia ana te pai tino, tēnei Towai Whakawhetū Sn55/Pb45 Tinā Tin Whakawhetū Iki Tinā Iki he karo pai rawa. Ko tana whakarite 55% pūtai me 45% pūhārake, e whakapakari ana i te whanonga kuhu o te kuhu, ā, e pai ai mō te hanga me te whakaora rorohiko, kei reira te hē ki te hononga tika. E mohio tonu ana tenei niho kuhu moana mōna e pai ana i nga horopaki wetting, e tirotiro ana i te wāhi tika me te whakawehenga tuatahi.
te Towai Whakawhetū 60 40 Wāhi Huringa Iti Tinā Tin Wire Nui I te Whakatupuranga e whakanui ana mo nga mahi kuhu haere, e noho ana hoki i te mahi i runga i nga konohi waimea, ko tana matahou temperatu e iti ana i te hē o te wehenga, a ko te purity nui e tirotiro ana i te mana me te whakahapa o nga kuhunga kuhu. Ko tenei niho e whai ana i te whakamahi i roto i nga whakahaerenga e hiahiatia ana i te kuhu, kaua e whakapae ana i te whanonga.
te Kākano Rauwhiringa Tin Lead Sn63Pb37 No Clean Rauwhiringa Kākano e whakaū ana i tōna tauarahi i ngā mahi rauwhiringa robo ahuatia rā anō hoki i ngā mahi rauwhiringa ringa-tangata. Ko tana hangenga ka whakaiti i ngā rarū, ka tohua i te wā i muri i te rauwhiringa. Ko tēnei āhuatanga ‘no-clean’ ka kitea hei tino whiriwhiringa mō ngā hīnati whakahaere, kei reira ko te waiporoporo me te rahi ko ngā huarahi pai. Ko te whakapuare Sn63/Pb37 hoki e whai ana i ngā hononga rauwhiringa nui me te whanake.
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