Nā ngā āhuatanga kawe ira e whai wāhi ana i te whakapā mai me te tirotiro huarere, ka whakaheke tonu i te pai o te kawe ira. He pai rawa te kawe ira ki te mahi huarere, engari he nui ngā uiui hauora me ngā uiui taiao nā te mata o ngā kawe ira. I te wāhanga kawe ira-kore, e whai ake nei i te pūngao, te kanohi, me te karu, ka whai mana hoki i te pai ake o te wāhanga. Nā ngā tikanga taiao whakamārama e whai ake nei i ngā uara whakahaere i runga i te kawe ira. Ki te kōrero a ngā kaiwhakahaere taiao, ko ēnei whakarereke ko te tino take hei whakaiti i te mata o ngā rerekē huarere. Ahakoa i te iti noa iho ngā āhuatanga hinga whenua mō ngā kawe ira-kore, kei te nui ake te whakahē ki te whakaae i ngā ture haumaru whakahaere me ngā ture haumaru o te ao whānui.
Ko te flux he ahu matua i te whakapapa, nā tēnei e whakahē kē ana i te whakatupu o te hiko me te whakamahana i te whakapai herehere. Ko te mihini flux-core he whakauru i tēnei flux ki roto i te mihini, nō reira ka whakaeaea te mahi whakapapa e kore nei te hiahia mo te whakamahi i te flux atu. Ko tēnei āhuatanga whakauru ko te pai noa iho hei whakamahi mō ngā mahi whakapapa kiware me ngā mahi tūmatawhānui. Hei tauira, ko ngā hokitera ranei, ko ngā tari ranei e whakaaro ana ki te whakamahi i te mihini flux-core nā te waihi o te whakamahi. Kātahi ka tae ki te mihini pūtake whenu, kāore i te flux i roto, me te hiahia ki te whakamahi i te flux waho i mua i te whakapapa. Ki te whakaiti i tēnei whakawhitinga, ka taea pea te whakahaere pai ake i te mīhini flux me te momo. Nā ngā pūrongo mā te whakapapa i whakaatu ai, ka taea e te mihini flux-core te whakapai i te mataku me te whakamahi pai ake i te whakapapa.
Hei whakarite i ngā tāe kāpia hei whai wā ka riro ngā momo huringa kē, hei tautuhinga i ngā mahi kē. Kua hangaia ia ki roto i te whakaaro mō te whakamahere ā-wāhi mō ngā mahi ā-wāhanga. Hei tauira, he nui te hiranga o ngā tāe kāpia iti-kaupapa hei whakauru i ngā whatu herehere, pērā i ngā whiuwhiu matatini. Ko tēnei hei tiaki i ngā whatu kia kore e pākiri i te urupa nui i te wā o te kāpia. Nō te mea kei te wāhanga nui, ka whakamahi ngā tāe kāpia nui-kaupapa hei whakatū whanaunga nui, pērā i ro whakahaere pumau. Hei whakatau i ngā paerewa o te whenua, ko tēnei ka tohua i te hiranga o te tāe ki te huarahi o te whatu. Ka whakawāhia ngā kaiwhakauru matatini i ngā tāe ā-wāhanga hei whakatika i te mana me te mahi o ō rātou hua.
He whakarato matihiko rite ki te Sn45/Pb55 Rosin Core Solder Wire mō ngā tūtohu matihiko ā-rohe. Ki te whakaaetanga o 45% tin me 55% lead, he pai rawa tana kohinga pūngao e whai ake nei i tētahi wāriu o mahi, mai i te hanga papa whiriwhiri ki ngā hononga niwaniwa. Hei tūtohu nui tērā ko te rosin core, e whakapakari ana i te whakanoho me te whakawhitiwhiti i te mahi matihiko, ka tuku ia he flux pūmau. Ko tēnā e hiahiatia nei he whakanui haere i te whakanoho me te hīkoi pai. Nā ngā mātau matihiko ngā kōrero whakamārama, ka whakaute tonu tēnei matāpuhi mō tana whakaeke pai me te mahi pai i roto i ngā whakatikatika matihiko ā-rā.
He mea whakatairanga tēnei te Sn50Pb50 Flux-Cored Welding Wire hei whakamahi i ngā whakatikatika motokā, e tuku nei i te kaha me te whai wawanga. Ki runga i tōna huarahi flux-cored, ka tiakina pai rawa te whakapai me te whakahē i te whakapūmau, ā, ka pai noa ki te whakamahi mo ngā mahi whakawhenua nui i roto i ngā mahere whakatikatika motokā. Ko te hunga tohunga whakatikatika motokā e pāngia ana i te pai o te rauropi i te wā e whakatika ai ngā paepae tinana, ngā rākau whakamutu pūmotu, me ērā atu tahuhu o te motokā, e kī ana he kaha here kore i ngā āhuatanga whakarereke. Ko tēnei e whakamanahitia ana tōna mana ki roto i ngā pouaka whakatikatika motokā a ngā tohunga.
Kei te whiwhi Sn55/Pb45 i tētahi whakaaetanga whakamana mō ngā tono rorohiko, whakauru mahi me te pai o te mahi. Ki runga i tōna whakarite ira-pūoro, ka whai wāhanga haumaru i ngā hononga i roto i ngā wāhi rorohiko e hiahiatia ana ngā hononga pai utu. Kei te manaaki i tēnei taura whakapī i ngā rōpū pūmotu me te hanga whare, kei reira ngā kōwhiringa matua e whakaaro nei i ngā rauemi e taea ana ki te tahuri i ngā momo paunga nui me te whakamahinga ake tonu. Ko ngā tatau whakamahinga kei te āwhina hoki i tana whakaaetanga whānui i waenganui i ngā whenua, e whakaatu ana i ngā whakawhanaunga take ki tōna wehi me te rangatiratanga.
Ko te huihuinga 60/40 Low-Temp Solder Wire i hanga hei whakamahi mo ngā kōmponeta e rereke ana i ngā āhuatanga o te pūnaha matihiko. Hei tāna, he wāhi hokohoko iti, no reira, ka taea e ia ngā tono mahi kei te waehere i te uruwhenua me te whakarite i ngā wāhi itiiti. Ko tana huihuinga ko ngā 60% tin me ngā 40% lead, e āwhina ana i te mahi raweke ake i tenei mahi. Kei roto i nga taiaoataata matihiko, kua kitea te pai o tenei i te tiaki i nga kōmponenta nui i runga i te whakawhiti whenua matihiko, me utu pai ki te hunga matihiko rorohiko me ngā mahi whakapipihere huarahi.
He mea whakapuakitanga pai te Sn63Pb37 No-Clean Solder Wire mō te whakauru rorohiko, ki reira ko te waenganui he mea nui. Ki tana whakahoahoa karekau hoki, kua whakaritea hei whakamātau i te taumanu karekau pūtake ki te hoko i muri i te mahi. Ko tenei atawahe ka whai painga rawa i te whakahaere whakawhitiwhiti, e ai ki te noho ake tonu i nga mahi matua me nga mahi whakahaere rorohiko.
He mea nui ake te tāwhiti whakapiri i roto i te hanganga PCB me ngā whakatikatika papa whiringa, e hanga ana i ngā hononga rīpeka e whai take ana ki te tirotirotanga o ngā motu hiko. Ko te mahi whakapiri he whakamahi taumata, e whakamana ana i ngā hononga rangirua i waenganui i ngā kōmihana me te PCB. He kawe ake ngā rautaki ārangi i te whakapiri e pa ana ki ngā hapa tuhinga, ko te wāhanga māuiui rite rawa rānei ko ngā rauanga kore pai e pa ana ki te tirotirotanga. Ma tēnā, kia pai ai te karo i te whakaaturanga matū tōpu, pēnei i ēnei i whakamahia i te Hanganga PCB , he whakahirahira tēnei ki te whakaiti i ngā rā i whakatutuki ai ngā hapa, me te whakapai i te whakahaere motu whānui.
He hunga nui ake te mīhini whakapipi i te pūhanga hei whakauru i ngā tūpihi me ngā whakapipi. Ko te whanonga he whakamahana i te mīhini whakapipi ki te hanga kēmu e kore ai te wai e pouri ana i waenganui i ngā tūpihi matua. E hia ngā rauemi pūhanga e hia nei ngā mīhini whakapipi; hei tauira, ko te mīhini korepohutukawa te whaimana ki te whakamana i ngā ture wai kai haumaru. He mea nui ake hoki i ngā tatauranga o te whenua, ka noho tūpato ngā huatau mīhini i roto i te hanga tūpihi, nō te mea he whakapono me te whakarite. Ko te mōhio whaihua ki te mīhini whakapipi i te pūhanga me te whakaae ki ngā paerewa o te whenua, ka whakatūria te roa me te whanaketanga i ngā tūpato pūhanga.
Kei roto i te hanga kōrero me ngā mahi tūhono pūtaiao, ko te tāwē tuhono he hauāwhina nui mo te hanga i ngā whakapiri iti āmio, e kore e kitea nei e te kanohi kia mārama. Ka whakaaro ngā tohunga whakairo ki ngā tuhonotanga iti-tempera kia tiakina ai te wāhi tuatahitanga. He mea taurite noa ngā momo tuhono e whai ake nei, hei tae atu ki ngā tuhononga tangitanga me ngā tuhononga kowhatu, e paihere ana i a rātou kaha me te whakamātau i ngā tae ki ngā kōrero nui. Kei te haere tonu te ao whakairo i runga i te tāwē tuhono, nā tana take kei a ia kia hanga i ngā hononga nui, ka noho tonu, e whakaatu ana i te mana me te toi. ao whakairo e whakaatu anō hoki i ngā whakaritenga houhā o te tāwē tuhono i roto i tēnei whenua.
Te whakangunguhere i te wehewehe pai ake he mea nui ki te whakamutu i te whakarereke ki ngā whatu. E hia ai ngā momo wehewehe e hia nei ngā rōpu wehewehe; hei tauira, ko te wehewehe kuaea e taea ana te māpere i tūranga 183 °C, ā, ko ngā whiu kore-kuaea ka māpere i ngā tūranga wera i runga i 217 °C. Ko te whakarereke nui e whakapae ana ki te whakawhenua o ngā papa hapahā me ngā whatu, nā te mea ko te wehewehe iti ka puta mai he hononga iti. Nō reira, ko te whakamana i te wehewehe i runga i te tūranga pai he mea nui mō te hanga i ngā hononga pai. Ki te kōrero o ngā pukapuka whakanui i ngā tikanga wehewehe, ko te wehewehe here me te noho pono e tiakina ana i te whakahē ki ngā wā e hihiko ana i te wera, ā, e tiaki ana i ngā raraunga whai hua.
Te whakamahi i te flux i tino rangatira ki te mahi o te whakapai, e meinga ana kia kaua te uruanga me te whakapai i te pai o te hononga. Kia kitea e te flux ngā uruanga i runga i ngā mata o ngā mete, ā, kia waihangahia te whakapai kia taea ai te maruwhenua. He mea hanga noa ngā momo flux, pēnei i te rosin, te water-soluble, me te no-clean, ā, he pai ake ia momo mo ngā mahi rerekē. He whakaaro i roto i te hāpori hei whakamahi i te iti rawa atu kia rima i te wāhi whakapai. He mea nui te whanaketanga tūmatawhiti me te mohiotanga ki te whakamahi, nā te mea ka puta te raru mai i te roa o te whakamahi, ka horahia ngā pūmau, ka paunga tonu ki te mahi o ngā motokōkako.
Te whakatinanatia i ngā ture haumaru mō te whakahaere i ngā hūnga o te kawekeka he mea nui mo te whakarite haumaru. E taea ana te kawekeka ki te whakaputu i ngā hūnga mate, ēngari e noho rawa atu ana i ngā kawekeka whatiwhati rānei me ngā flux. He mea nui ngā whakamahere ahuatanga hei tiaki i te whakaiti i te whakaaro. Kua tae atu ngā rautaki ka taea te whakaatu he momo mate hoki i roto i ngā hoko whakarere i te kawekeka, e whai take ana ki te hiahia mō ngā tuhinga whakarite nui. Nā reira, ko te whakaae i ngā ratonga whakawehenga me ngā whareputa whakahirahira ahakoa pūnaha whakahaere i te wāhi whakarere, ka taea te tiaki i te whakarite haumaru i runga i ngā mahi kawekeka.
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