Te whaihua i waenganui i te utu me te tono tin kua whakatipu

Aruhe: mete e pātata ana i te paihere mea, he nui ngā whakamahi

1.1 Whakamahi i te aruhe me ōna rūndena

Kei te pā kea te kōpūtanga o te uku, he kōrari māwhero kea-silvā i roto i te uku, he mea māhea te uku pure, he pai te whakapuaki i ngā wā o te wāhine, he mea tūpato i te āhuatanga o ngā mea, kaore e whiwhi ana i te whakapai, ko te tirohanga māwhero kea ka mau tonu. Ko te rahi o te uku i roto i te kaupeka whenua he 0.004%, ko te nui o te mea he kassite (uku tinana), ko te iti noa he taonga tinana uku. He tētahi o ngā "kirihou" (mona, hīnau, poroheke, ira, uku), i whakamahi ana ngā tangata i te uku i mua i te tau 2000 BC. He nui ngā whakamahi o te uku. Noho ake nei, he mea iti te kōpūtanga, he pai te whakapuaki, he waimarie te hanga taha me etahi atu mete, karekau te mea mate, karekau te whakapai, me te māharahara nui, ka whai ngā whakamahi o te uku i waenganui i ngā momo mahi, me te kai, motokā, rongoā, whatu, hanga, me ngā mahi hanga tūhonohono. Ko te tuhinga hanga o te uku kea he tino whaihua. Ko te taha tuatahi o te tuhinga uku kea he pūmu, ka mahi tonu hei whakamahi i te uku me te whakapuaki i te uku; Ko te taha tuarua he uku tūmomo, ka puta ai ngā tūmomo uku, tūmomo matua uku, tūmomo inorganic uku, me etahi atu mahi; Ko te taha tuatoru he whakamahi tūhonohono i te uku, heoi anō he mahi tūmatanui, haere, motokā, me etahi.

Te whakamahi iho o te pūtaihere nei ko tēnā he nui rawa, ā, ko te pūnaha hoko e rite ana ki te taiao. Ko te whakamahi i te pūtaihere ka noho mōhio tonu i roto i ngā whenua tūmataiti, i ngā whenua taihere, i ngā whenua tūmataiti, i ngā paoro ārai-ika, o ināianei ko ngā uku tūmataiti hei tae atu ki ngā whenua taiherenga, ko ngā kāri tinplate ki ngā whenua tūmataiti, ko ngā mahi whenua taiherenga e pai ana i te kotahi wā. Ko te uku tūmataiti ka whakamahi mai i roto i te pūnaha taihere, e whai ake ana i te hononga meka, i te hononga ā-rorohiko, me te whakahokia o te uruwhenua. Ko te tinplate ka whakamahi i te hanga i ngā kāri tūmataiti, ka taea te whakamahi hei kaihono kai me ngā kai horoi; Ko ngā raranga pūtaihere ka whakamahi hei take mō ngā tohu poraka, hei tohu whakapai mō ngā raranga matataki, hei whakarite i te kawe haere mō ngā poraka, ā, ko ngā whakamaru kararehe me ngā whakamaru pepeke hoki.

1.2 Ko te whakawehenga o ngā taiao pūtaihere o te ao e rite ana ki te taiao, ā, ko te takutaku e heke nei ia tau

Na te tinana o te ao, e whai ana ngā taonga tin i waenganui i te Rangi Xia, Indonesia me Myanmar, ko ngā tohu o enei toru whenua e tae ana ki te 52% o ngā tohu o te ao. Ki te pūrongo mineral o te tau 2022 i whakaputaia e te United States Geological Survey, ko ngā tohu tin o te ao i te tau 2021 he 4.9 million tons. Ko ngā tohu tin o te Rangi Xia i waenganui, he 1.1 million tons, e tae ana ki te 22% o ngā tohu katoa o te ao, kei te tuatahi i te ao. Ko Indonesia me Myanmar i te tuarua ranei me te tuatoru i ngā tohu tin, he 800,000 tons ranei me 700,000 tons, e tae ana ki te 16% ranei me te 14% o ngā tohu. I te tau 2010, ka puta te whanaketanga o ngā tohu LME tin o te ao. Ko te take i roto i ngā take e toru nei: 1, ko te whakatipu o ngā taonga tin he iti, ko te rahi whakarerekē i roto i te kōhao he 0.004%, ko tēnei te iti rawa i waenganui i ngā momo metal matua. Ko ngā wāhi tin o te ao he iti, he hāngai, ko te nui o ngā rauemi, he 60% e kore e whai hua, ko ngā tohu i tenei wa he 4.9 million tons. 2. Ko ngā kaupapa tin i mua i tēnā i tēnā i tirohia tonu ki te take o ngā rauemi kore, me te heke i te rahi. Hei tauira, ko te SAN rafael mine i Minsur, Peru, i te mutunga o te mahi i te wa i mua, ko te rahi i waenganui i te 5-10%, ka noho anō i tenei wa i te 1-2%. 3. I ngā tau whai muri, ko te COVID-19 i whakamomori i te taha whakawhiti o ngā rauemi tin, me te whakaiti i te tonu o te huringa i ngā mea ā-tauira me ngā mea whakamahere, ko tēnei i whakauru ki te kakanga i te tin.